Chen Z, Omori Y, Koren S, Shirokiya T, Kuroda T, Miyamoto A, Wada H, Fujiyama A, Toyoda A, Zhang S, Wolfsberg TG, Kawakami K, Phillippy AM; NISC Comparative Sequencing Program, Mullikin JC, Burgess SM.

Sci Adv. 2019 Jun 26;5(6):eaav0547. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aav0547

De novo assembly of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) genome and the evolution of genes after whole-genome duplication.

Genomes and transcriptomes from the goldfish. Because of whole-genome duplication (WGD), “fifty-eight percent of the BUSCO genes could be found in two complete copies”. Speciation time ~11 Ma ago and WGD time ~14.4 Ma ago. Subgenomes were well conserved: “No large interchromosomal translocations were found between the 25 zebrafish chromosomes and the 50 goldfish LGs”. However, some large intrachromosomal variations were found. Cross-study with the common carp (which last common ancestor with goldfish was after the WGD, and the grass carp (pre-WGD) showed that gene “expression distance increased as the sequence identity decreased” and that “the loss of CNEs reduced the expression variance among different tissues (dynamic range) rather than affected the expression divergence between ohnolog gene pairs, i.e., CNE loss reduced tissue-specific expression variation”.