Kocot KM, Tassia MG, Halanych KM, Swalla BJ.

Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2018 Apr;121:166-173. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.01.005

Phylogenomics offers resolution of major tunicate relationships.

A matrix of 798 genes totaling 254,865 amino acid positions places appendicularians as the sister group to all other tunicates.