Cañestro C, Bassham S, Postlethwait J.

Dev Biol. 2005 Sep 15;285(2):298-315 doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.06.039

Development of the central nervous system in the larvacean Oikopleura dioica and the evolution of the chordate brain.

The Oikopleura CNS possesses homologs of the vertebrate forebrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord, but not the midbrain. 3 otx paralogs. No expression of pax2/5/8 in the gap between otxa + otxb and hox1.