Kiyotaka Hidaka

Plankton and Benthos Research 2008 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 152-164

Species composition and horizontal distribution of the appendicularian community in waters adjacent to the Kuroshio in winter–early spring

In 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1982 or 1986, O. dioica was rare but relatively more abuntant in slope waters, which are colder (~15—17°C) as opposed to oceanic area Kuroshio (18.5–20.0°C) or subtropical waters (similar temperatures as Kuroshio).