Shuai Li, Mengtan Liu, Aiyong Wan, Zhiqiang Xu, Shiwei Wang, Yi Liang, Zengxia Zhao & Guangtao Zhang

Limited growth and recruitment of Oikopleura dioica (Tunicata: Appendicularia) in the Jiaozhou Bay, China

J. Ocean. Limnol. (2025). doi: 10.1007/s00343-025-503

_O. dioica was mostly found from June to December 2011. Salinity varied between ~31 and ~28, and temperature between ~25 and ~5. Chlorophyl peaked in both winter and summer, but cyanobacteria only peaked in summer. Wild animals never reached the size of lab animals during the whole year.